Holiday Fair goers will bid on their favorite “tree” between 1:00 pm and 6:00 pm. You don’t need to buy any new parts. The Sun Joe SPX3000 electric pressure washer generates up to 1450 PSI of water pressure and 1. Swain Resort - Shared Ski Adventures is SportsNet's adaptive learn-to-ski and snowboard program, held at Swain Resort, which helps adults and children with disabilities become independent skiers and riders. In partnership with the 10th Mountain Division Foundation, this scholarship program awards active and non-active military members with funding to support education opportunities to. PSIA-AASI also has a YouTube library of short, informative, easy-to-understand and implement videos that will help you and your kids get off to a great start. Log in. The key to a good mud tire (besides those big lugs) is its ability to self-clean. SubmitThe PSIA-AASI National Team. This new publication is a treasure trove of 140 games, drills, and activities arranged by skier level and alpine skiing fundamental and is applicable to all age groups (including grownups). Robin Barnes*. 2700 PSI Electric Pressure Washers. 1. Mileage Warranty: 60,000 miles. Pros and Cons of Tubed Bike Tires Tube Bike Tire Pros. 3. Electric Go-Karts. Why Join PSIA-AASI? Take a Lesson. At the end of June, the Professional Ski Instructors of America and the American Association of Snowboard Instructors (PSIA-AASI) will transition from working with its current partner Patagonia, and will start a new partnership with The North Face, who will serve as the. SuperATV’s custom build, Depth Finder, is equipped with a mean set of mud tires. Our members live and. E Cross Country Skiing Fundamentals (XC Fundamentals) Control the relationship of the center of mass to the base of support to direct pressure along the length of the ski(s). Photos (11,349) Directions. Donations may be dropped off on Saturday Dec 9 by noon at Oak Mountain. Upgrade your mowing with Husqvarna yard tractors. Ski Areas of New York. Read 32 Degrees to find: How-to articles specific to disciplines and lesson. 7 Best Studded Snow Tires. Variable snow conditions, bumps, and altitude are commonly encountered at many The North Face Pro Industry US/Canada (Outdoor industry (non retailer), green government, guides) APPLY NOW PSIA-AASI, the Professional Ski Instructors of America and American Association of Snowboard Instructors is a nonprofit association dedicated to promoting skiing and snowboarding through instruction. High near 30F. CEP Ski Ultralight Compression Sock - Men's. There should be a small gap between hand and glove to bind air which makes the glove warmer. Activity Portfolio Bio Follow Message. org Fax: (206) 241-2885. 3. ORG. Posted on November 3, 2023. To get this number, just multiply PSI by GPM. PSIA-AASI Snow Pros has not provided a biography. Head out on this 7. The Eastern Region provides diverse resources & tools to help you get the most out of your membership. The downsides of going with higher. $0 deductible. In softer. m. The Industrial Ail IV5076055 two-stage air compressor offers a maximum PSI of 175, providing enough power to use multiple air tools. Beginner’s Guide to Cross Country Skiing; Beginner’s Guide to Skiing; Beginner’s Guide to Snowboarding; Find a Ski Resort; Learn to Ride; Ski Courses from Outside Learn; Ski Tips for Advanced Skiers; Snowboard Tips for Advanced Riders; Teaching Your Kids; Uphill Travel Tips;Forgot Password. O. The Pathfinder product offers fuel efficiency due to the lower pressure, not only the affordability. Title: Activation for Skiing – Event Date Past. Members participated in on-snow clinics, outdoor electives, indoor electives, as well as demo days where members connected with some of PSIA-AASI’s Official Suppliers. contain at least 1 (one) special character (@%+\/'!#$^?:*, () [] {}~-_. As the team enters its final season, team coaches and members reflect on the work they’ve done How to Access Digital Manuals on a Smartphone or Tablet: Download the app and allow notifications. Soon, PSIA-AASI will be offering the ISIA Card. Pros. Firestone Winterforce 2 UV Winter/Snow SUV Tire – Truck Studded Snow Tires. 99. The new PSIA-AASI National Team will set the standard for snowsports instruction and embody the ski. PSIA-AASI is all about community, so share your tips for other instructors to connect and help others excel. It brings accurate performance and steering response. The characteristics of this tire assist all types of trucks, larger or smaller SUVs, and even most crossover vehicles. Professional Development Plan: National Team Member Brenna Kelleher Congratulations to the 2021-24 PSIA-AASI National Team for all the work they’ve done promoting, supporting, and assisting with the development of PSIA-AASI education materials, programs, and activities at all levels. This Toyota Highlander tire is designed just for small CUVs and SUVs, with durability and constant road grip at the. When you join PSIA-AASI, you also become a member of your local PSIA-AASI region. Remember, PSIA-AASI’s fantastic Official Suppliers and sponsors work with you and your fellow snow pros because of the expertise and professionalism you all share when teaching others to ski and snowboard. It was so impressive to see how elite athletes can adapt their skill sets to meet the demands of PSIA-AASI’s level III certification. 32 Degrees Magazine. a. Doug ArionAlready have an account ? Once you have been through the account creation process, you do not need to go through it again, please use your email and password used at. Beginner’s Guide to Cross Country Skiing; Beginner’s Guide to Skiing; Beginner’s Guide to Snowboarding; Find a Ski Resort; Learn to Ride; Ski Courses from Outside Learn; Ski Tips for Advanced Skiers; Snowboard Tips for Advanced Riders; Teaching Your Kids; Uphill Travel Tips;THE PROFESSIONAL SNOWSPORTS INSTRUCTORS OF AMERICA – NORTHWEST (PSIA-NW) P. Ski Areas of New York, Inc. San Francisco, CA warning56 °F Sunny. Today's temperature is forecast to be MUCH COOLER than yesterday. MT, this clinic will focus on. Teaches Snowboarding at Mount Snow 5+ years of membership. 4" Rim Range. ️Interski 2023 officially opened in Levi, Finland – on Sunday, March 26, 2023 – with more than 2,000 snowsports instructors from around the world gathering to share best practices, techniques, and educational innovations all focused on growing ski and snowboard participation. PSIA-AASI hand-selected the 29 team members. Western. If you’re a certified member – a PSIA-AASI member who is certified in adaptive, alpine, cross country, snowboard, or telemark – you need to obtain at least six (6) Continuing Education Units (CEU's) every membership year. 42 sizes available View Details Michelin ®. Current Level I PSIA-AASI (or equivalent) Certification, and 2 years industry experience is required. Unlock your technique. The way this tire performs on dry roads is extraordinary. 4. Shoreview, MN Weather Conditions. No noise when moving at high speed. We tested two sizes of the Nitto Ridge Grappler, including an E-load range 35 x 12. WELCOME TO THE 2023 - 2024 SEASON Search and Register179 Likes, 8 Comments - PSIA-AASI (@thesnowpros) on Instagram: " ️ What’s up, snow pros?! @thenorthface created custom uniforms for the PSIA-AASI National. PSIA-AASI is accepting submissions for "Snow Pros Share,” a featured article that appears on thesnowpros. See how to teach better lessons -- your students and supervisor will thank you! • Deepen your knowledge by watching more than 100. In this new PSIA-AASI First Chair podcast host George Thomas catches up with PSIA-AAI CEO Peggy Hiller, who’s been meeting with regional PSIA-AASI Board of Directors members this month to learn about their interests and discuss ways to find alignment. 500 percent flexibility. Event: Rider Rally 2024. The Terrabite very much looks the part of a high-end off-road tire, but it manages to do so at a very attractive price point. Out of the popular all-season models from brands, the Michelin Defender 2 is still my favorite product for overall power. 4825 or kbrinkerhoff@thesnowpros. This opens a window in which you’ll enter your PSIA-AASI log-in details: Once you’re logged in, publications to which you have access. 16 likes, 1 comments - psiarmaasi on November 29, 2022: "It's snowing!! Gotta do your best Happy Dance! #RMSNowPros #SNowPros #Ski #Snowboarding #SN. Log in for pricing. D. Pros / Sizes available, race proven toughness (especially rubber compound and sidewalls), quiet, smooth rolling, longevity, 6-year warranty. Tire Size Stock Number Tread Depth (1/32 in) Overall Dia (in) Inflated Dimensions Overall Width (in) Inflated Dimensions Approved Rim Width Range Min-(Measuring)-Max (in) Maximum Load (lbs. Pros: 2,000 PSI at 1. No other organization can connect millions of guests to skiing, snowboarding, and associated brands like PSIA-AASI. Manhattan, NY warning52 °F Sunny. To learn the easy way. I didn’t find myself stuck in the snow, so I would rate it 8/10 for snow road performance. This program introduces youngProhub is the online platform for PSIA-AASI members to access exclusive benefits, discounts, and resources. Print/PDF map. The new PSIA-AASI National Team will set the standard for snowsports instruction and embody the ski. Log in for pricing. Best Budget Cross-Country Skis: Fischer Twin Skin Cruiser EF Ski. Our pick for the best foam cannon is the McKillans Snow. orgAbout this app. com. Steeze. The Level 3 instructor has been certified to teach all levels of skiers and riders. 30 TELE TATI Help Students Turn with Tepo eore pg. Sun and clouds mixed. 0-9. Schiller Park, IL (60176) warning53 °F Fair. You may register over the phone by calling 406-581-6139, or by emailing info@psia-nrm. Stream. And SNOW, lots of it. CLOSED Webinar – Total Play Series – November 2023, Online Eastern Webinar (link in confirmation) CLOSED Webinar – Backcountry Snow Sense and Planning Series – November 2023, Online Eastern Webinar (link in confirmation) HIGHLIGHTED Webinar – Women Crush Winter Series, Online Eastern Webinar (link in confirmation) NEW EVENT. 2300 PSI Electric Pressure Washers. That’s 5 million students reached by PSIA-AASI members each year. To ski and ride to your fullest potential. 55 13 2470 65PSITable of Contents. Come rain, shine, and even snow, the Firestone Destination LE3 tires keep you cruising no matter what the weather throws at them. org. There are then more than 20 different types of member groups that work together to govern our association. Wild Mountain Ski & Ride School. “Our pros got to meet team members. Definition: A combination of the words ‘style’ and ‘ease’ used to describe effortless elegance on the slopes. Featured; New Arrivals;Contact. Rocky Mountain. An impressively flexible and strong RV roof sealant and coating that’s formulated to last a whole lifetime. Continental CrossContact LX25. Event: Rider Rally 2024. The coating is resistant to ponding water; Silicone is a moisture cure substance that allows it to endure the damaging effects of ponding water without damaging your roofing system. Text or Phone: (206) 244-8541 Email: info@psia-nw. Overall Satisfaction. Create awareness around the kinetic chain. Michelin Defender LTX M/S Review & Rating for 2023. in the snow the tire sidewall will collapse its. Cooper Evolution H/T All-Season : Best Value All-Season Tire. Registration deadline: Sunday, February 18. The 4 Best Tire Pressure Gauges of 2023. Safe Skiing To be a safe skier NYS law requires you to know and observe the following duties for skiers:Call 716-592-4963 ext. $0 deductible. Max PSI Overall Diameter Rim Range Tread Construction Side Construction Dynamic Balance (oz) Warranty (miles) RFAT26550R20 265/50R20 112S E/10PR 42. 2 fuel injection pump that draws fuel from the new 36-gallon fuel tank and squeezes diesel up to 30,000 psi (2,000 bar) out to the engine's piezo-actuated fuel-injection. The low pump RPM makes for longer life - you're sure to get the best usage out of this one. WILDPEAK M/T. Taking a professional lesson is the best way for you to learn, or to improve your current skills, so you can join, or keep up with, your family and friends on the slopes this. Your Local Connection to Ski and Snowboard Instruction. 5. Ski Team. . The Patagonia Pro Program is a membership program for qualified outdoor professionals, environmental grant recipients, and outdoor industry partners. By Bobby Garrett & Andrew Pierce. 1″ = 18 -26psi. Anything else your fellow snow pros should know about you? I’ve written several thriller novels under my pen name, “James Dain. Teaching Snowsports replaces 2008’s update of Core Concepts for Snowsports Instructors as the preeminent education manual for all snow pros, regardless of the discipline you teach or lesson specialty. BF Goodrich KO2 Review. Visit its official website to learn more about its programs, events, education, certification, and benefits. Women in Snowsports; 60th Anniversary; Awards & Recognition; Foundation & Gifts; How We Operate; Meet Us. ) @ Press. Page with empty content. Pay special attention to the folks in the purple coats who appear in. Aleisha Padilla Seubert, PSIA-AASI education development specialist and a member of the scholarship selection committee, said the scholarships will be awarded to female members who’ve demonstrated a commitment to enhance their teaching, skiing, and service skills and want to pursue leadership roles within PSIA-AASI and/or the. The donut tire is also known as the temporary spare tire. Best Snowshoes for Beginners: Tubbs Xplore Kit. Logo Business Cards. The theme of the 2023 event, “The Guest Experience is Everything. Ryan Christofferson*. For more information about sponsorship opportunities, advertising, and more, contact Samuel Sleger, director of partnerships and sales, call: 720. Nancy Oakes Hall Scholarship Neck Gaiter. Inflation Increase (psi) 0. Quick view. A Renewed look at the science of skiing adds depth and clarity to the technical message, and offers a simple and consistent base of knowledge to help you. About Us. The Professional Ski Instructors of America and the American Association of Snowboard Instructors (PSIA-AASI) is a nonprofit education association – and close-knit community – of more than 32,000. The Michelin Defender LTX MS is by far the most powerful and efficient all-season highway tire available. Ride comfort is well addressed with a rating of 8. Over 50 Ski Resorts! With 50+ ski resorts throughout New York State, there is bound to be a mountain close by! Some even have night skiing and tubing and many have great ski deals available. 963. The tire pressure ranges listed in this chart are our recommendations for new riders. Listen to Peggy’s podcast now. You can pick up CEUs. *National Academy is full. Since Bridgestone is a quality-focused company, they wait and observe the feedback of all-weather tires of other brands. ) @ Press. 0Following 1Followers. PSIA-AASI Webinars Check out these upcoming webinars from PSIA-AASI! Please review this Virtual Meeting & Webinar Etiquette Guide. February ended up being the. Most. org and PSIA-AASI's social media sites… Liked by Laura BeginSNOWPROS provides environmentally-friendly de-icing and snow removal for strata across the Lower Mainland. Generally considered a challenging route. Pathway: Step 1: Complete the Alpine Level 1 E-Learning Course (free!) – please allow 24-hours for your profile to update before attempting to register. SKU: NOH1. Women in Snowsports; 60th Anniversary; Awards & Recognition; Foundation & Gifts; How We Operate; Meet Us. Debra LaGattuta, a Master Gardener and member of The Spruce Garden Review Board, points out that the options for an effective, high-quality garden hose go beyond the standard, 100-foot-long rubber. Make the most of your event with Spot Insurance. Our rainy day experts have been testing pants for the last 8 years with over 25 different models exposed to rain and sleet. 00. Continue with group or “Self-coaching: managing stress and competition in a helpful way” – Mermer Blakeslee, PSIA-AASI National Team Alumni Hosting Awesome Women’s Events– Heidi Ettlinger: Demo Team Alumni; Gear focus– Leslie Baker-Brown and Barclay. Michelin Defender has 2 models: Michelin Defender LTX M/S, an all-season truck tire and the Michelin Defender T + H (Passenger All-season). Available videos. Most Powerful Industrial Air 60 Gallon Air Compressor. The Assurance WeatherReady is one of the best all-season grand-touring tires you can buy today. Edmunds' Expert Rating. Alpine. PSIA - AASI Professional Ski Instructors of America - American Association of Snowboard Instructors’ PostBut with the Toyo Celsius, you have one tire offering better traction over ice/snow than a typical all-season tire. BEGIN:VCALENDAR PRODID:-//Microsoft Corporation//Outlook 12. Registration: Open to PSIA Certified Members. When we tried the product for ourselves, it delivered a wonderful performance. The results show that nitrogen does reduce pressure loss, but the reduction was only a 1. International Ski Instructors Association (ISIA) Card. . The Professional Ski Instructors of America and the American Association of Snowboard Instructors (PSIA-AASI) is the world’s largest organization dedicated to teaching people how to ski and snowboard. Well, it seems. Your region will be automatically determined by the school you are connected with. Pros: powerful engine, durable, great for heavy-duty tasks; Cons: pricey, loud, not eco-friendly, bulky to store; 3. SKU: 154. Snow, Sand, Mud) Safety: The new Compass comes with 7 airbags standard. #interski2023 PSIA-AASI National Team Opening Day Run | Adaptive team | Telemark team |. View Vimeo Video . SKU: 19584. The Matrix is your one-stop shop for all ski and snowboard educational video content. Since organizing in a cafeteria in Montana in 1961, PSIA (now PSIA-AASI) has led advances in the way skiers float through powder,. New York State Ski Code Signed by Governor Mario Cuomo and enacted into law in 1989, the Code is detailed here. PSIA-AASI truly understands the guest experience, and we have a ton to offer our peers from outside the US on this subject. Size range: 15-20-inches. ; Cons / Price, uninspiring grip on ice/packed snow. Rocky Mountain. Study for certification with videos. These riding mowers deliver a superior quality cut, with Air Induction™ technology, and versatile performance, with our range of mowing accessories - all in a compact and easy-to-maneuver design. This one-minute video covers features within the ‘My Profile’ tab in your member portal including locating your digital member card. Rating Required. Intermountain Region. Junior size 7 and unisex size 7 is not the same size as they follow different size ranges. Thursday November 9, 2023. Runner-Up Best Snowshoes: Atlas Montane Snowshoes. Quick view. Snow Blowers e-Transportation All E-Transportation. Professional Development Plan: National Team Member Emily Lovett Congratulations to the 2021-24 PSIA-AASI National Team for all the work they’ve done promoting, supporting, and assisting with the development of PSIA-AASI education materials, programs, and activities at all levels. Step 3: Register for and successfully complete the 2-day Snowboard Level 1 Exam. Product description. The Eastern Division members represent nearly 35% of more than 31,400 national members. Mike Hafer. Bridgestone Blizzak DM-V2 Winter/Snow SUV Tire – Snow Tires Studded. For one, it’s the result of decades of expert crafting and honing; there’s no need to re-invent the wheel. Already have a profile? Log in here to join. Shop the Hankook Dynapro AT2 all terrain tire now. It has great performance on wet surfaces. It is also a good practice to visually inspect tires for cuts, tears, bulges and tread wear, or. as well as new on-snow and off-snow training content every season. MT – on hill with group. Overheads, cockpit thwarts, Aft cabin door frame. The Professional Ski Instructors of America and the American Association of Snowboard Instructors (PSIA-AASI) is the world’s largest organization dedicated to teaching people how to ski and snowboard. As the team enters its final season, team coaches and members reflect on the work they’ve done for the association, their. With a six-gallon tank, it boasted a max psi of 147—slightly lower than the stated 150 psi. m. These PSIA Cross Country Certification Standards describe how the fundamentals of people skills, teaching skills, and technical skills are assessed at each level of. 0 / 10. DIVISION. Reflects 87 percent of UV rays. How to Ski: A Beginner’s Guide - Part 5 | PSIA-AASI. To go the PSIA-AASI National website click below. Secondly, despite the lack of durability of tires like BFGoodrich T / A KO2 and others, it has excellent overall. 6x9" 264 pages. "The latest innovation and successor of the Pirelli Scorpion series, The Pirelli Scorpion AS Plus 3 is perfect for North American drivers who experience each season every year. PSIA-AASI members teach an average of 20 days a winter and see a minimum of 8 students a day. Check out these. Quick view. Part 5: Making Your First Turns. . Able to think quick, create relationships with the staff and make non-judgmental assessments/decisions about staff usage. 7, the roof of the building in Figure P2. You can pick up CEUs. " PSIA-AASI on Instagram: " ️ What’s up, snow pros?! @thenorthface created custom uniforms for the PSIA-AASI National Team to wear at this year’s Interski in Levi, Finland. Winds NW at 5 to 10 mph. Peggy also shares why July is a great month to reset, recharge, and. The American Snowsports Education Association (ASEA) is the professional organization for ski and snowboard instructors in the US. Name Required. “Professional development access and affordability are crucial for our members to build careers in snowsports education. Tire Description. They pump out 2,000 to 2,800 pounds per square inch (psi) of water pressure vs. The commercial grade Honda GX390 OHV engine offers plenty of power to churn through the snow. Receive Up to a 30% Bulk Discount on Education Materials. Not all assessment activities need to take place on snow. Although many “seem to be biased” opinions, Goodyear Reliant tires’ traction still receives a lot of compliments in the three and four rating stars. Costs for a concrete paver driveway can vary significantly, with most of the cost coming from professional installation. Homeguide actually recommends homeowners with clay roof tiles use a pressure washer set at 1200 psi to clean their roof. Contact. 0 3. Electric Start - No plug in required. BEGIN:VCALENDAR PRODID:-//Microsoft Corporation//Outlook 12. The Firestone Destination LE3 is a generally good all-season tire with great performance and handling for the price. E-Learning & Online Courses. This review covers 9 top pairs, which we've put head to head in a series of tests. The mower deck that is attached to the LT 2000 has a cutting width of 42 inches. PSIA-AASI regions support you on the regional level and hold events including training clinics and certification exams. CONTACT PSIA-NW. Partly cloudy. 26 Likes, TikTok video from The Snow Pros (@thesnowpros): "🏔️ Watch the PSIA-AASI National Team Opening Day run in Levi, Finalnd! #interski2023 #SnowPros #Snowsports #education #PSIA #AASI". PSIA Alpine Certification Standards TOC | 3 Introduction PSIA Alpine Certification Standards American ski instruction demands versatility. It indicates that there should be a decent mix of convenience, durability, and efficiency. Whereas you might run 60+ pounds per square inch (psi) for a road bike, 40+ psi for a hybrid, and 20+ psi for a mountain bike, fat bikes allow you to ride with as little as 5 to 10 psi in your tires. We take the time to test each product in the field while hiking, biking, and exploring through all sorts of rain. Improve your ability to slide on snow. Official Supplier Après Party an Annual Academy Highlight Falling snow, an open-air DJ, and hundreds of happy instructors painted the perfect scene for PSIA-AASI’s annual Official Supplier Après Party – hosted by Leki at National Academy in Big Sky, Montana, on Thursday night. This manual brings to life the three components of PSIA-AASI’s Learning Connection – people skills, teaching skills, and technical skills – to provide a framework for snowsports instructors’ development. Runner-Up Best Snowboard Jacket: Dakine Sender Stretch 3L Jacket. 27 – Day 2: 9 – 2 p. Two stage 32" snow blower. Starting is easy - even in cold weather. home. A BF Goodrich KO2 review is overdue as we’ve been using them to travel nearly 75,000 miles with them, on three continents through smooth and not so smooth tarmac, rocky mountain passes, sandy deserts, muddy rivers and sharp rocky sections. “Offering a high PSI, this is great for heavy-duty tasks,” says Walter E Bennett, professional handyman for Green Leaf Air. It rolls smoothly just about anywhere on its. 45-55 PSI. In near identical 17-inch tire sizes, the Defender LTX M/S achieves an LT specification and 116 load index while the Defender T + H is rated at just 102. To learn the easy way. Bridgestone Weatherpeak is one of the latest all-weather tires on the market. Firestone’s Destination A/T2 starts at $236 a tire in the Ridgeline’s 245/60 R18 tire size. I also provide technical leadership and administration of PSIA-AASI’s e-learning courses and The Matrix including design. PSIA Alpine Level 3. Leave your surfaces pristine by removing tar and grease, heavy mildew. Winners will be announced at 6:15 pm. The Simpson PowerShot 3700 PSI Pressure Washer has several great features to recommend it. PSIA-AASI, the Professional Ski Instructors of America and American Association of Snowboard Instructors is a nonprofit association dedicated to promoting skiing and snowboarding through instruction. RAFDTW0223. is dedicated to the continued growth of the New York snow sports industry by working on behalf of its membership to promote fair legislation, develop marketing programs, create educational opportunities and enhance the public awareness of snow sports throughout the State and region. continue stepping until you come to a stop facing slightly uphill. Tire noise and comfort levels. As the team enters its final season, team coaches and members reflect on the work they’ve done Interski 2023: Lyndsey Stevens Will Study Teaching Methods. Pressure washing a dirty surface can be satisfying to watch,. "It's a. Use the menu on the left to select ‘My Profile’. 2 psi. The reason for such a wide pricing range is that installation/labor costs can vary widely from. Considering these characteristics. The LML uses a Bosch CP4. Step 3: Register for and successfully complete the 2-day Alpine Level 1 Exam. The 2022-2023 winter was below average in terms of snowfall for most of British Columbia. Houston, TX 70 °F Mostly Cloudy. Superior ride and handling thanks to independent rear suspension; Unique two-way tailgate and large lockable in-bed trunk; Sophisticated all-wheel-drive system provides multi-surface tractionSaturday October 21, 2023. 1.